Keywords
Second language, foreign language, curriculum, CEFR, action-oriented approach

Abstract
Successful implementation of the CEFR framework requires adaptation to the characteristics of the target population. The CEFR framework was developed for populations with specific characteristics – educated adults with high literacy in their first language who need immediate integration into contexts where the target language is spoken. When implementing this framework for populations with different characteristics, a reconceptualization of expected outcomes and pathways to achievement is required.

This paper presents a conceptual analysis of the CEFR framework’s applicability to minority children in Israel, illustrated through case studies of Arab, Druze, and Circassian learners. Elementary school students from this minority groups in Israel learning Hebrew as an additional language represent a unique case study for this issue. Understanding their characteristics is essential for successful implementation of the CEFR framework in Israel. Moreover, the Israeli case may serve as a model for understanding the need for adaptation to unique learner groups worldwide, emphasizing the importance of analyzing learner characteristics as a prerequisite for implementing any pedagogical reform.

About the author:

Judith Golan Ben-Uri – David Yellin Academic College of Education, Jerusalem, Israel

Categories: 2025, Articles - JETEN